Mark : SpringBoot核心-非关系型数据库NoSQL-白红宇

Mark : SpringBoot核心-非关系型数据库NoSQL

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发布时间：2019-05-26

本文共 15198 字，大约阅读时间需要 50 分钟。

MongoDB

MongoDB 是一个基于文档（ Document ）的存储型的数据瘁，使用面向对象的思想，每一条数据记录都是文档的对象。Spring 对MongoDB 的支持主要是通过Spring Data MongoDB 来实现的， Spring Data MongoDB 为我们提供了如下功能。

Object/Document 映射注解支持

JPA 提供了一套Object/Relation 映射的注解（＠Entity 、＠Id ），而Spring Data MongoDB 也提供了下图所示的注解。

这里写图片描述

MongoTemplate

像JdbcTemplate 一样， Spring Data MongoDB 也为我们提供了一个MongoTemplate，MongoTemplate 为我们提供了数据访问的方法。我们还需要为MongoClient 以及MongoDbFactory 来配置数据库连接属性。

public class MongoConfigSample {
       @Bean    public MongoClient client () throws Exception {        return new MongoClient(new ServerAddress("127.0.0.1", 27017));    }    @Bean    public MongoDbFactory mongoDbFactory() throws Exception {        String database = new MongoClientURI("mongo://localhost/test").toString();        return new SimpleMongoDbFactory(client(), database);    }    @Bean    public MongoTemplate mongoTemplate() throws Exception {        return new MongoTemplate(mongoDbFactory());    }}

ReRpository 的支持

类似于Spring Data JPA, Spring Data MongoDB 也提供了Repository 的支付，使用方式和Spring Data JPA一致。

public interface PersonRepository extends MongoRepository
   
    {
       Person findByName(String name);    @Query("{'age': ?0}")    List
    
      withQueryFindByAge(Integer age);}

类似于Spring Data JPA 的开启文持方式， MongoDB的Repository 的支持开启需要在配置类上注解@EnableMongoRepositories 。

Spring Boot 的支持

Spring Boot 对MongoDB 的支持，分别位于org.springframework.boot.autocorifigure.mongo。主要配置数据库连接、Mongo Template 。我们可以使用以“ spring.data.mongodb ”为前缀的属性来配置MongoDB 相关的信息。Spring Boot 为我们提供了一些默认属性，如默认MongoDB 的端口为27017、默认服务器为local host、默认数据库为testa Spring Boot 的主要配置如下：

# MONGODB (MongoProperties)spring.data.mongodb.authentication-database= # Authentication database name.spring.data.mongodb.database=test # Database name.spring.data.mongodb.field-naming-strategy= # Fully qualified name of the FieldNamingStrategy to use.spring.data.mongodb.grid-fs-database= # GridFS database name.spring.data.mongodb.host=localhost # Mongo server host. Cannot be set with uri.spring.data.mongodb.password= # Login password of the mongo server. Cannot be set with uri.spring.data.mongodb.port=27017 # Mongo server port. Cannot be set with uri.spring.data.mongodb.repositories.enabled=true # Enable Mongo repositories.spring.data.mongodb.uri=mongodb://localhost/test # Mongo database URI. Cannot be set with host, port and credentials.spring.data.mongodb.username= # Login user of the mongo server. Cannot be set with uri.

Redis

Red is 是一个基于键值对的开源内存数据存储，当然Redis 也可以做数据缓存。

Spring 的支持

配置

Spring 对Redis 的支持也是通过Spring Data Redis 来实现的， Spring Data JPA 为我们提供了连接相关的ConnectionFactory 和数据操作相关的RedisTemplate 。在此特别指出， Spring Data Redis 只对Redis 2.6 和2.8 版本做过测试。根据Redis 的不同的Java 客户端， Spring Data Redis 提供了如下的ConnectionFactory:

JedisConnectionF actory ：使用Jedis 作为Redis 客户端。

JredisConnectionF actory：使用Jredis 作为Redis 客户端。

LcttuceConnectionFactory ：使用Lettuce 作为Redis 客户端。

SrpConnectionFactory：使用Spullara/redis-protocal 作为Redis 客户端。

配置方式如下：

@Beanpublic RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory() {    return new JedisConnectionFactory();}

RedisTemplate 配置方式如下

@Beanpublic RedisTemplate
   
     redisTemplate() {    RedisTemplate
    
      template = new RedisTemplate<>();    template.setConnectionFactory(redisConnectionFactory());    return  template;}

使用

Spring Data Redis 为我们提供了RedisTemplate 和StringRedisTemplate 两个模板来进行数据操作，其中， StringRedisTemplate 只针对键值都是字符型的数据进行操作。RedisTemplate 和StringRedisTemplate 提供的主要数据访问方法如下。

这里写图片描述

定义Serializer

当我们的数据存储到Redis 的时候，我们的键（ key ）和值（ value ）都是通过Spring 提供的Serializer 序列化到数据库的。RedisTemplate 默认使用的是JdkSerializationRedi’sSerializer,StringRedisTemplate 默认使用的是StringRedisSerializero。

Spring Data JPA 为我们提供了下面的Serializer:

GenericToStringSerializer 、Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer 、JacksonJsonRedisSerializer 、J dkSerializationRedisSerializer、OxmSerializer 、StringRedisSerializer。

Spring Boot 的支持

Spring Boot 对Redis的支持， org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.redis。RedisAutoConfiguration 为我们默认配置了JedisConnectionFactory 、RedisTemplate 以及StringRedisTemplate ，让我们可以直接使用Redis 作为数据存储。RedisProperties 向我们展示了可以使用以“ spring.redis ”为前缀的属性在application.prope此时中配置Redis ，主要属性如下：

# REDIS (RedisProperties)spring.redis.cluster.max-redirects= # Maximum number of redirects to follow when executing commands across the cluster.spring.redis.cluster.nodes= # Comma-separated list of "host:port" pairs to bootstrap from.spring.redis.database=0 # Database index used by the connection factory.spring.redis.url= # Connection URL, will override host, port and password (user will be ignored), e.g. redis://user:password@example.com:6379spring.redis.host=localhost # Redis server host.spring.redis.password= # Login password of the redis server.spring.redis.ssl=false # Enable SSL support.spring.redis.pool.max-active=8 # Max number of connections that can be allocated by the pool at a given time. Use a negative value for no limit.spring.redis.pool.max-idle=8 # Max number of "idle" connections in the pool. Use a negative value to indicate an unlimited number of idle connections.spring.redis.pool.max-wait=-1 # Maximum amount of time (in milliseconds) a connection allocation should block before throwing an exception when the pool is exhausted. Use a negative value to block indefinitely.spring.redis.pool.min-idle=0 # Target for the minimum number of idle connections to maintain in the pool. This setting only has an effect if it is positive.spring.redis.port=6379 # Redis server port.spring.redis.sentinel.master= # Name of Redis server.spring.redis.sentinel.nodes= # Comma-separated list of host:port pairs.spring.redis.timeout=0 # Connection timeout in milliseconds.

代码实现

MongoDB

package com.example.spring.boot.nosql.domain;/** * Author: 王俊超 * Date: 2017-07-19 07:39 * All Rights Reserved !!! */public class Location {
       private String place;    private String year;    public Location(String place, String year) {        super();        this.place = place;        this.year = year;    }    public String getPlace() {        return place;    }    public void setPlace(String place) {        this.place = place;    }    public String getYear() {        return year;    }    public void setYear(String year) {        this.year = year;    }}

package com.example.spring.boot.nosql.domain;import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id;import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.mapping.Document;import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.mapping.Field;import java.util.Collection;import java.util.LinkedHashSet;/** * Author: 王俊超 * Date: 2017-07-19 07:37 * All Rights Reserved !!! */@Document //1public class Person {
       @Id    private String id;    private String name;    private Integer age;    @Field("locs")    private Collection
   
     locations =  new LinkedHashSet
    
     ();    public Person(String name, Integer age) {        super();        this.name = name;        this.age = age;    }    public String getId() {        return id;    }    public void setId(String id) {        this.id = id;    }    public String getName() {        return name;    }    public void setName(String name) {        this.name = name;    }    public Integer getAge() {        return age;    }    public void setAge(Integer age) {        this.age = age;    }    public Collection
     
       getLocations() {        return locations;    }    public void setLocations(Collection
      
        locations) {        this.locations = locations;    }}

package com.example.spring.boot.nosql.dao;import com.example.spring.boot.nosql.domain.Person;import org.springframework.data.mongodb.repository.MongoRepository;import org.springframework.data.mongodb.repository.Query;import java.util.List;/** * Author: 王俊超 * Date: 2017-07-19 07:37 * All Rights Reserved !!! */public interface PersonRepository extends MongoRepository
   
    {    Person findByName(String name);    @Query("{'age': ?0}")    List
    
      withQueryFindByAge(Integer age);}

package com.example.spring.boot.nosql.controller;import com.example.spring.boot.nosql.dao.PersonRepository;import com.example.spring.boot.nosql.domain.Location;import com.example.spring.boot.nosql.domain.Person;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import java.util.Collection;import java.util.LinkedHashSet;import java.util.List;/** * Author: 王俊超 * Date: 2017-07-19 07:42 * All Rights Reserved !!! */@RestControllerpublic class DataController {    @Autowired    PersonRepository personRepository;    @RequestMapping("/save")    public Person save() {        Person p = new Person("wjc", 18);        Collection
   
     locations = new LinkedHashSet
    
     ();        Location loc1 = new Location("长沙", "2009");        Location loc2 = new Location("合肥", "2010");        Location loc3 = new Location("广州", "2011");        Location loc4 = new Location("深圳", "2012");        locations.add(loc1);        locations.add(loc2);        locations.add(loc3);        locations.add(loc4);        p.setLocations(locations);        return personRepository.save(p);    }    @RequestMapping("/q1")    public Person q1(String name) {        return personRepository.findByName(name);    }    @RequestMapping("/q2")    public List
     
       q2(Integer age) {        return personRepository.withQueryFindByAge(age);    }}

package com.example.spring.boot.nosql;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;/** * Author: 王俊超 * Date: 2017-07-19 07:43 * All Rights Reserved !!! */@SpringBootApplicationpublic class SampleApplication {
       public static void main(String[] args) {        SpringApplication.run(SampleApplication.class, args);    }}

Redis

package com.example.spring.boot.redis.domain;/** * Author: 王俊超 * Date: 2017-07-19 07:57 * All Rights Reserved !!! */public class Person {
       private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;    private String id;    private String name;    private Integer age;    public Person() {    }    public Person(String id, String name, Integer age) {        this.id = id;        this.name = name;        this.age = age;    }    public String getId() {        return id;    }    public void setId(String id) {        this.id = id;    }    public String getName() {        return name;    }    public void setName(String name) {        this.name = name;    }    public Integer getAge() {        return age;    }    public void setAge(Integer age) {        this.age = age;    }}

package com.example.spring.boot.redis.dao;import com.example.spring.boot.redis.domain.Person;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;import org.springframework.data.redis.core.ValueOperations;import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;import javax.annotation.Resource;/** * Author: 王俊超 * Date: 2017-07-19 07:53 * All Rights Reserved !!! */@Repositorypublic class PersonDao {
       @Autowired    private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;    @Resource(name = "stringRedisTemplate")    ValueOperations
   
     valOpsStr;    @Autowired    RedisTemplate
    
      redisTemplate;    @Resource(name = "redisTemplate")    ValueOperations
     
       valOps;    public void stringRedisTemplateDemo(){ //5        valOpsStr.set("xx", "yy");    }    public void save(Person person){ //6        valOps.set(person.getId(),person);    }    public String getString(){
  //7        return valOpsStr.get("xx");    }    public Person getPerson(){
  //8        return (Person) valOps.get("1");    }}

package com.example.spring.boot.redis.controller;import com.example.spring.boot.redis.dao.PersonDao;import com.example.spring.boot.redis.domain.Person;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;/** * Author: 王俊超 * Date: 2017-07-19 07:59 * All Rights Reserved !!! */@RestControllerpublic class DataController {
       @Autowired    PersonDao personDao;    @RequestMapping("/set") //1    public void set() {        Person person = new Person("1", "wjc", 18);        personDao.save(person);        personDao.stringRedisTemplateDemo();    }    @RequestMapping("/getStr") //2    public String getStr() {        return personDao.getString();    }    @RequestMapping("/getPerson") //3    public Person getPerson() {        return personDao.getPerson();    }}

package com.example.spring.boot.redis;import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonAutoDetect;import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.PropertyAccessor;import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer;import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;/** * Author: 王俊超 * Date: 2017-07-19 08:01 * All Rights Reserved !!! */@SpringBootApplicationpublic class SampleApplication {    public static void main(String[] args) {        SpringApplication.run(SampleApplication.class, args);    }    @Bean    public RedisTemplate
   
     redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory factory) {        RedisTemplate
    
      template = new RedisTemplate
     
      ();        template.setConnectionFactory(factory);        Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer jackson2JsonRedisSerializer = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer(Object.class);        ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper();        om.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.ALL, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY);        om.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL);        jackson2JsonRedisSerializer.setObjectMapper(om);        template.setValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer); //1        template.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer()); //2        template.afterPropertiesSet();        return template;    }}

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